ATO

Material overview: ATO — Material Properties & Applications

ATO coverage organized by application area. Use the sections below to navigate failure modes, mechanisms, and boundary conditions.

Antistatic Coatings

• why ato based antistatic coatings require higher loading than carbon black
• how ato antistatic coatings compare to carbon black in transparency and conductivity
• why pedot based antistatic coatings fail under low humidity conditions compared to
• when ato outperforms ionic antistatic additives in long term durability
• where ato antistatic coatings lose roi compared to carbon black
• why antistatic performance collapses below the percolation threshold in ato filled coatings
• how dispersion quality controls conductivity uniformity in acrylic antistatic coatings
• why conductivity drift occurs in ato antistatic coatings during thermal aging
• why ato antistatic coatings show different performance in polyamide versus acrylic binders
• why abrasion reduces antistatic performance despite permanent conductive fillers

PET Catalyst & Plastics

• why antimony catalysts dominate pet polymerization compared to titanium based catalysts
• how antimony catalysts compare to germanium catalysts in pet color and clarity
• why acetaldehyde forms in pet processed with antimony catalysts
• when antimony catalysts cause intrinsic viscosity loss during pet processing
• where antimony catalysts lose roi compared to titanium systems
• why antimony catalyst residues persist through pet recycling loops
• why pet yellowing increases with repeated thermal history despite stable catalyst levels
• why alternative pet catalysts fail to scale beyond laboratory polymerization

Laser Marking

• why carbon black produces higher laser marking contrast than ato in most
• how ato compares to copper chromite and spinel pigments for nir absorption
• why laser marking fails at low power with ato based additives
• when ato outperforms carbon black in light colored plastics
• where ato laser additives lose roi compared to carbon based absorbers
• why polymer foaming occurs instead of dark marking with ato laser additives
• why laser marking performance depends strongly on wavelength for ato based systems

Flame Retardants

• why antimony trioxide enhances flame retardancy only in halogenated systems
• how antimony trioxide compares to ath and mdh in flame retardant efficiency
• why halogen free flame retardant systems fail to match sb2o3 synergy at
• when antimony trioxide fails to reduce smoke toxicity in flame retardant systems
• where antimony trioxide loses roi compared to halogen free flame retardants
• why flame retardant efficiency drops after reprocessing sb2o3 containing polymers